Zagadnienia ochrony środowiska coraz częściej pojawiają się podczas egzaminu ICAO English. I oczywiście sprawiają sporo kłopotu kandydatom ze względu na to, że nie dotyczą bezpośrednio sztuki pilotażu, bezpieczeństwa załogi, pasażerów lub statku powietrznego. Poniżej jedna z inspiracji… Słownictwo i naturalne związki frazeologiczne do nauki na pamięć, a nawet całe zdania :).
CZYTAJ/ SŁUCHAJ/ POWTARZAJ:
Airplanes are heavy and noisy machinery. If you live in the vicinity of an airport it may impact your health.
if you are exposed to aircraft noise – jeśli jesteś narażony na hałas samolotów
many people are affected by noise – hałas ma wpływ na wiele osób
ensure that the noise level of 65dB is not exceeded- zapewnić, że poziom hałasu nie przekracza 65dB
Researchers from the University of Bern discovered that the risk of dying from a heart attack is larger if you are exposed to aircraft noise. The results have been published in the ’Epidemiology’ journal. Noise stresses the environment as many people are affected by noise. That’s why airport and aircraft noise is being carefully monitored at individual airports. Monitoring stations are located almost all round the airport to ensure precise measuring and to ensure that the noise level of 65dB is not exceeded.
issue guidelines- wydać zalecenia
People who are often exposed to or live in areas with aircraft noise may be exposed to health issues. Some of the health issues of aircraft noise are similar to the effects of traffic noise. The EU has issued guidelines ordering major cities to map noise from these sources.
have a 30% higher risk od dying from heart attacks- ponoszą o 30% większe ryzyko śmierci z powodu zawału serca
According to studies from the University of Bern, people who are exposed to noise exceeding 60dB a day have a 30% higher risk of dying from heart attacks than people only exposed to 45dB a day. The more aircraft noise you are exposed to and the longer you are exposed, the higher the risk of health issues.
Other health issues of aircraft noise:
reduced learning capacity in children- obniżone możliwości edukacyjne u dzieci
sleep disturbance- zaburzenia snu
psychological effects such as irritation- efekty psychologiczne, takie jak rozdrażnienie
overweight- nadwaga
pregnancy; noise can affect the weight of the child at birth- ciąża: hałas może mieć wpływ na wagę noworodków
Many people who live on Amager are affected by noise from Copenhagen Airport that often exceeds the noise limit of 65dB applicable to residential areas.
establish maximum noise level in the airport area- określić maksymalny dopuszczalny poziom hałasu na obszarze lotniska
various measures can be taken to reduce noise- rozmaite środki mogą zostać podjęte w celu redukcji poziomu hałasu
noise barriers- bariery
seperate/shield the residential areas- oddzielić/ ochronić obszary zamieszkane
The Danish Transport, Construction and Housing Authority has established a maximum noise level in the airport area of 147.4dB. Copenhagen Airport is 3dB below this limit. Various measures can be taken to reduce noise from aircraft and airports. Noise barriers can be established as walls shielding the residential areas close to airports from the noise:
remedy the problem- uzdrowić/ naprawić/ zlikwidować problem
exceed the noise level- przekroczyć dopuszczalny poziom hałasu
hazardous- niebezpieczny
grassy hills- trawiaste wzgórza
In 2013, Copenhagen Airport released dedicated program which allows private individuals to monitor air traffic in and around the airport. The program makes it possible to find the information you need about specific aircraft and to submit precise reports on it to the airport. This program is meant to remedy the problem. Via the program, a complaint can be sent to Copenhagen Airport about specific aircraft that exceeds the noise level.
Gatwick Airport has walls shielding the noise from the airport. This wall has been built to reduce noise for those who live close to the airport as aircraft noise may be hazardous.
Shiphol Airport in the Netherlands has constructed grassy hills breaking the sound waves from the aircraft.
1:46′ high blood pressure is the risk factor for cardiovascular disease- wysokie cisnienie krwi jest jednym z czynników ryzyka dla chorób układu krwionośnego
1:53′ measure the impact of the noise- mierzyć wpływ hałasu
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